Fig. 3

Effects of LpEVs Treatment on Autophagy Genes in IPEC-J2 Cells. AÂ Scatter plot of differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis results. BÂ Heatmap of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each treatment sample after 12 h of LpEVs treatment. CÂ KEGG analysis of DEGs in IPEC-J2 cells treated with LpEVs. KEGG pathway enrichment was considered significant when the p-value was less than 0.05, and the 20 most significant pathways are presented in a bar chart. DÂ Analysis of upregulated and downregulated genes in the mitophagy pathway following LpEVs treatment